Advanced threat actors have recently started a sophisticated mobile phishing and espionage campaign targeting South Asian government officials and military personnel. Attackers used defense-related baits to lead victims to fake sites, such as ZIP files labeled "Coordination of the Chief of Army Staff's Visit to China.zip," containing malicious PDFs with JavaScript embedding. Bangladesh Army, DGDP, and Turkish defense companies were some of the reputable entities spoofed on such phishers' sites, being hosted on servers such as Netlify. A deeper dive revealed Android malware in the form of dating or chat apps and credential-harvesting sites that pretended to be official military email domains. Such threats were developed using tailored Rafel RAT variants and harvested sensitive documents, messages, and contact lists to command-and-control servers. In that it carries out a cross-platform espionage operation with credential theft, phishing, and compromise of mobile phones, the activity is noteworthy. The attackers attempted to pilfer encrypted communications and appropriate private data from defense networks and individual devices with Trojanized Android applications, decoys based on defense-themed subject matter, and forged documents. Phishing domains, C2 servers, and WHOIS registration records clustering was observed by the infrastructural analysis correlating activities to organisations with similarity to APT Sidewinder, which previously has been reported to be targeting South Asian militaries. Military ranks and duty stations included in address books form part of the leaked documents detailing the mission objective of intercepting, disrupting, and exploiting Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Nepalese defence communications. Businesses dealing in high-risk sectors must regularly strengthen protections through deployment of strict email and file-scanning policies, limiting access to unauthorized APKs and archives, and surveillance for suspect domains that mimic defence or government organizations. Security teams should implement Endpoint Detection and Response and mobile threat defense solutions that can identify data exfiltration attempts, credential harvesting, and RAT activity.
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